Ansible 9 of 9: Roles

January 17, 2024

1 of 13. Open Cloud9

2 of 13. Provision the infrastructure using Terraform


pwd
terraform apply -auto-approve

3 of 13. Update the inventory file "hosts"

While updating the file, also add host02 to the webservers group.


aws ec2 describe-instances \
    --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].{Instance:InstanceId,Name:Tags[?Key==`Name`]|[0].Value,PublicIP:PublicIpAddress,PrivateIP:PrivateIpAddress,State:State.Name}' \
    --output table
cat hosts

4 of 13. Create an Ansible Role for webserver

This will create a "roles" directory, and a webserver directory, complete with all the sub-folders for a role.


ansible-galaxy role init roles/webserver

5 of 13. Upload the image devops.png to the roles/webserver/files folder

You can upload files from the File menu.

6 of 13. Update the file roles/webserver/handlers/main.yml


- name: Restarting Apache
  service:
    name: httpd
    state: restarted

7 of 13. Update the file roles/webserver/defaults/main.yml

This creates a variable for the cloud_provider


cloud_provider: "aws"

8 of 13. Create a template file index.html.j2 under roles/webserver/templates

Note the reference to your "cloud_provider" variable.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <style>
    body {
      background-color: #000;
      color: #fff;
      display: flex;
      justify-content: center;
      align-items: center;
      height: 100vh;
      margin: 0;
      font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    }

    .content {
      text-align: center;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="content">
    <b> Hello Bootcamper!</b>

    <h1> This is a webserver running in an EC2 Instance: {{ ansible_hostname }}</h1>
    <h3> This webserver was configured using Ansible Roles.</h3>
    <h4> Powered by {{ cloud_provider }}</h4>

    <img src="devops.png" alt="DevOps Image">
  </div>
</body>
</html>

9 of 13. Update the file roles/webserver/tasks/main.yml

Note: The 'Restarting Apache' here refers to the "Restarting Apache" in the"roles/webserver/handlers/main.yml" file.


- name: Installing Apache
  yum:
    name: httpd
    state: present

- name: Starting Apache
  service:
    name: httpd
    state: started
    enabled: true

- name: Copying files
  copy: src=devops.png dest=/var/www/html/

- name: Generating Template
  template:
    src: index.html.j2
    dest: /var/www/html/index.html
  notify:
    - Restarting Apache

10 of 13. Create the playbook setup-webserver-roles.yml

This will be inside the ansible-tasks folder. Note that "hosts: webservers" refers to the entry in the "hosts" file and "webserver" refers to the role in the roles folder.


- name: Setting up Apache as Webserver
  hosts: webservers
  become: true
  roles:
    - webserver

11 of 13. Run the Ansible playbook


ansible-playbook setup-webserver-roles.yml

12 of 13. Test the website.

Via web browser, connect to host01 and host02 public IP and view the updated websites You can find their public IP in your AWS console, or via the AWS CLI provided here.


aws ec2 describe-instances \
    --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].{Instance:InstanceId,Name:Tags[?Key==`Name`]|[0].Value,PublicIP:PublicIpAddress,PrivateIP:PrivateIpAddress,State:State.Name}' \
    --output table

13 of 13. Destroy the infrastructure


terraform destroy -auto-approve
aws ec2 describe-instances \
    --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].{Instance:InstanceId,Name:Tags[?Key==`Name`]|[0].Value,PublicIP:PublicIpAddress,PrivateIP:PrivateIpAddress,State:State.Name}' \
    --output table